By-pass valve mechanism



March 19, 1946. H. L. BLUM 2,395,315

BY-PASS VALVE MECHANISM Filed Nov. 5, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 HbsMER L. Bum

IN VENTOR.

March 19, 1945. H, L. BLUM 2,396,815

BY-PAS S VALVE MECHANI SM Filed Nov 5, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 HOS/15R L. BLUM INVENTOR.

BYWZ

Patented Man 19, 1946 Hosmer L. Blum, Fort Wayne, Ind., assign'or to S. F. Bowser & Company, Incorporated, Fort Wayne,Ind., a corporation of Indiana Application November 5, 1942, Serial No. 464,683

11 Claims.

This invention relates to the mechanismLbY which a by-pass port in a. fluid meter is opened and closed. More specifically, it relates to a mechanism which is adapted to open or close a by-pass port in a meter which is used to measure the gasoline flowing to an aircraft engine in re sponse to a manually operated switch or to open the port automatically when the resistance of the meter to the flow of fuel increases toward the point at which it may impair the operation of the engine. The automatic control governs-the manual operation to the extent that the valve cannot be closed by the manual control when the automatic control occupies its valve open position.

It is another object of the invention to provide a by-pass valve mechanism which is actuated to open and closed position by a power device.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a' by-pass valve mechanism which will be actuatable to open or'closed positions by'single impulses from a power mechanism.

Yet another object of the invention is to combine a manual valve control with an automatic control.

Still another object of the invention is to combine the two controls so that the valve cannot be closed while the automatic control is in the valve open position.

Another object of the invention is to combine the two controls so that the valve cannot be held closed by the automatic control when the manual control is in the valve open position.

It is another object of the invention to mount the solenoid and associated mechanism of the manual control so that it may be rotated to any suitable position for mounting. It is yet another object of the invention to provide a solenoid operated lever mechanism which will be locked in th valve closed position so as to maintain this position after the solenoid is deenergized;

These and other objects will become apparent from a study of this specification and the drawings which are attached hereto and made a part hereof and in which: V

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the parts in the valve closed position.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure l but showins both the manual and the automatic controls Referring now to Figure 1, the numeral I represents a fluid meter of any suitable type but preferably constructed in accordance with Patent No. 1,977,424, dated October 16, 1934. I

The numeral 3 represents the inlet passage through which fuel from the fuel pump enters the metering mechanism'while 5 is-the outlet from which the'measured fuel enters th carburetion system of the engine.

A by-pass port I is provided in the wall 9 which separates these two passages 3 and 5 and a valve 9 is provided for closing the port. When the port is open, the pressure drop across the port being less than that through the meter, the fuel will bypass the meter and go directly from the inlet passage to the outlet passage.

Valve I0 is provided with a stem H which en-- ters a guide i3 and a bleeder tube l5 connects the guide with the inlet passage 3 so that the valve may open and close freely.

A valve spring ll surrounds the guide l3 and acts on the under side of the valve, tending to open it, while a second valve spring i9 acts upon the upper side of the valve. The upper end of spring l9 abuts a piston 2i which slides in a bore .23 in the body member 25. The piston serves to compress or relieve spring l9. Spring. guides 21 and 29 are formed on the valve and piston respecv tively to hold spring I9 in place. The upper surfac of the piston is formed by the head-of a hardened pin 3 i v The body 2-5 forms a chamber 33 which is connected with channel 5 by means of a passage 35.-

pressure chamber 33. The other end of the rod passes through a guide bore 53 in the cap and supports a spring seat 55'and adjusting nuts 51 at its outer end. A spring 59 is confined between the cap and the seat 55 and tends to hold the diaphragm against the stop 6! on the cap 39.

A hollow nut 63 encloses the outer end of the rod and its associated parts and screws down upon the cap 39 to prevent the loss of liquid from the chamber M. I

A pair of levers 65 of identical shape are held in spaced parallel relation by a spacer 31, a thrust block 69 and riveted pins II and 13. A shaft i5 passes through the bearing 9| while a second shaft 11 supports the roll 19.

A pushrod 3| is mounted in axial alignment with both the valve II and the piston 2I. It passes through a stuiflng box 93 and is provided with a head 85. A spring 31 is confined between the packing gland 39 and head 35.,

Mounted on the top of body member 25 are two semi-circular cleats 9I which engage a ring 93 on the solenoid support member 95 and which are held in place by screws (not shown) which enter the support member.

A cylindrical container 91 is supported on member 95 by means of suitable brackets (not shown). Two heads 96 and 93 are fixed in the container and serve to support a tube I93 of brass or other non-magnetic material. Two solenoid coils 99 and I9! are mounted upon the brass tube. An armature I95 is slidably mounted within the tube and is connected by a link I91 to one end of a pair of levers I99 which are pivotally mounted on the member 95 at III. The levers are held in fixed, spaced relation to each other by a pair of spacer rivets H3 and Hi.

Each lever has a projection I I 1 which is adapted to engage a pin I I9 which passes through the member 95 and is fixed therein.

Another lever which comprises a latching dog III and an operating arm I23 is pivotally mounted on the pin H9 and is disposed between levers I99. The arm I23 has an upwardly directed surface I25 which is adapted to be carnmed in a clockwise direction by the pin II3 while the dog I2I is adapted to be stopped in counterclockwise rotation by contact with the pin H5.

A compression spring I29, received in a recess I21 in member 95, bears against the dog I2I below pin H9 and thus urges the dog and lever I 23 in a counter-clockwise direction about the pin II3. A projection I29 on the dog serves to support the end of the spring.

A rocker arm I3I is pivoted at III and is provided with a projection I33 which is adapted to engage the head 35 of the push rod. The upper edge of this arm is disposed so as to be actuated in a counter-clockwise direction by the pin II5.

A rest I39 is provided for the thrust block 69 when it is in the Figure 2 position.

Wiring diagram Operation 1! it is assumed that the meter I is operating under normal pressure conditions with the bypass valve closed, the parts will assume the positions shown in Figure l.

Specifically, the meter outlet pressure plus the tension -of spring 59 will hold the diaphragm 31 in its extreme right-hand position and consequently the thrust block 59 and roll 19, which together with their supporting means comprise an interponent, will be directly above the piston 2| and the pushrod BI, and since the pushrod is inits lowermost position the piston will have spring I1 and the valve III will accordingly ,be closed. a

If we assume that the pressure in the inlet channel 3 increases due to increased resistance of the meter to the flow through it, this pressure increase is transmitted through channel 43 to the chamber H and ii the pressure is sumcient to overcome the combined pressure in chamber 33 (which is equal to that in the outlet passage 5 due to theconnection through passage 35) and the pressure of spring 59, then the diaphragm will shift to the left (Figure 1) and will force the thrust block 39 out of contact with the pushrod M and relieve the pressure on piston 2I and spring I9. When this occurs, spring I1 will lift the valve I9 and open the by-pass port 1.

As the piston rises the lever 65 rotates about pivot 15 until the thrust block 69 rests against the stop I39.

In many cases, the' high pressure differential is momentary, and in such cases the diaphragm would tend to return to the Figure l or extreme right-hand position as soon as the high differential disappeared.

This cannot be automatically accomplished because the pushrod interferes. The switch lever I43 must therefore be-moved to the "open position which is in contact with pole I43. In such case the solenoid I9I will be momentarily energized from ground through battery I45, lever I43, contact I4I, coil I 9| to ground, and the armature I will be drawn to the right rocking the levers I99 in a clockwise direction about the pivot III and moving pin II5 away from rocker arm I3I.

The pin H3 is carried into engagement with the cam surface I25 and rocks lever I23 anddog I2I in a clockwise direction about pivot II9, against the action of spring I29. As soon as the dog I2I passes beyond the rocker arm I 3|, the pushrod will be moved upwardly by spring 81 a distance which is limited by contact of the rocker arm I3I with pin II 5. The lower end oi. the pushrod will be above the lower surface of the stop I39 so that the diaphragm, when it is urged toward the right (Figure 2), can readily pull the thrust block 69 back into alignment with the pushrodpiston and valve.

The position of the solenoid operated parts just described is shown in Figure 2. The diaphragm operated mechanism is shown, in this figure, in the position occupied when a high differential pressure is still exerted on the diap m.'-

When these diaphragm operated parts return to the position of figure one, then the operator can close the by-pass valve by turning the switch lever I43 to the close position. A circuit is set up from ground through battery I45, line I49, lever I43, pole I31, line I35 and coil 99 to ground. The solenoid 99 being thus momentarily energized will draw the armature I95 to the extreme left position and rotate the levers I99 in the extreme counter-clockwise position.

The pin I I 3 releases the cam I25 so that spring I29 may become effective to rotate the dog I2I in a counter-clockwise direction. At the same time the pin II5 depresses rocker arm I3I, pushrod 8|, interponent 69-19, and piston 2I to compress spring IS. The latter overcomes spring I1 and the valve I9 closes port 1.

compressed spring I9 sufilciently to overcome As soon as the end of the rocker arm I3I clears the end of dog I2I the latter is pushed above the arm and locks the valve actuating parts in their lowermost positions to hold the valve closed.

This condition obtains even after the switch lever M3 is releasedand until either this lever is moved sure difierential.

It will thus be seen that a 'full manual, remote control of the by-pass valve is afforded the pilot of the ship and at the same time an automatic release is afforded to prevent stalling the engine when dangerous conditions may occur. Moreover, if the dangerous condition disappears, the pilot can reclose the valve so as to restore to operation the instruments such a's-thegallons consumed totalizer and the rate of flow indicator which are usually operated by the meter.

' It is obvious that various changes may be made in the form, structure and arrangement of parts.

without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, applicant does not desire to be limited to the specific embodiment disclosed herein primarily for purposes of illustration; but instead, he desires protection falling fairly within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim to be new and desire to protect by LettersPatent of the United States is:

1. In a valve mechanism the combination of a valve port, a valve mounted for movement to open and close said port for controlling the flow of liquid therethrough, power means, means connecting said valve to be opened or closed by said power means, comprising an interponent which ismounted for movement to and from connecting position, and liquid pressure operated means for,

moving said interponent to and from connecting position, said interponent being constructed and arranged to permit opening of said valve'when it is moved from connecting position while said power means is in the valve closing position.

2. In a valve mechanism the combination of a valve port, a valve mounted for movement to open and close said port, power means, means connecting said valve to be opened or closed by said power means, comprising a movable interponent, means for moving said interponent in one direction to'permit opening of said valve while said power means is in the valve closing position, comprising differential pressure operated means, connected to opposite sides of said port, and constructed and arranged for moving said interponent in said direction when the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined amount.

3. In a valve mechanism, the combination of two liquid passageways connected-by a port, a valve adapted to open or close the port, power means movable between two positions, a rocker arm mounted for movement between valve closin andyalve opening positions and connected to control said valve, means operated by movement control said valve, means operated by movement of said power means to one position for moving said rocker arm to valve closing position, a latch for holding said rocker arm in valve closing position, means for yieldably urging said latch toward said rocker arm, means operable by said I power means in the other position for disabling said latch, means for transmitting movement of saidrocker arm to hold said valve closed comprising a movable interponent, and differential pressure responsive means connected to said passageways for moving said interponent to release said valve for opening.

- stroke power means connected with said actuator lever, means on said actuator lever adapted upon one stroke of said power means to engage and move said rocker arm in one direction, a latch adapted to engage and hold said rocker arm in moved position, additional means on said actuator lever adapted to release said latch upon the other stroke of said power means and means for transmitting movement from said rocker arm to said valve. j Y

6. In a valve operating mechanism the combination o f a rocker arm, an actuator lever. a twostroke power means connected with said actuator lever, means on said actuator lever adapted upon one stroke of said power means to engage and adapted to engage and hold said rocker arm in moved position, additional means on said actuator lever adapted to release said latch upon the other stroke of said power means, a push rod positioned to be operated by said rocker arm, an interponent mounted for motion with and transversely of said push rod, a plunger disposed to receive movement from said interponent, a valve, and yieldable means between said valve and plunger for transmitting movement tosaid valve.

'7. In a valve operating mechanism the combination of a rocker arm, an actuator lever, a twostroke power means connected with said actuator lever, means on said actuator lever adapted upon one stroke of said power means to engage and move said rocker arm in one direction, a latch adapted to engage and hold said rocker arm in moved position, additional means on said actuator lever adapted to release said latch upon the other stroke of said power means, a push rod positionedto be operated by said rocker arm, an interponent 1 a predetermined difierential' in the pressures on of said power means to one position for moving i ward said rocker arm, means operable by said power means in the other position for disablin said latch, means for transmitting movement of said rocker arm to hold said valve closed comprising a movable interponent, .and means for moving said interponent to release said valve for opening.

4. In a valve mechanism, the combination of two liquid passageways connected by a port, a

valve adapted to open or close the port, power opposite sides of the valve for moving said interponent transversely to release said valve.

8. In a valve operating mechanism the combination of a rocker arm, an actuator lever, a twostroke power, means connected with said actuator lever, means on said actuator lever adapted upon one stroke of said power means to engage and move said rocker arm in one direction, a latch adapted to engage and hold said rocker arm in moved position, additional means on said actuator lever adapted to release said latch upon the other stroke of said power means, a push rod position'ed to be operated by said rocker arm, an interponent mountedfor motion with and transmeans movable between two positions, a, rocker arm mounted for movement between valveclosing and valve opening positions and connected to.

versely of said push rod, a plunger disposed to receive movement from said interponent, a valve,

' yieldable means between said valve and plunger for transmitting movement to said valve, means responsive to apredetermined diilerential in the pressures on opposite sides of the valve for moving said interponent transversely to release said valve, and yieldable means for opening said valve, said latter means being more readily yieldable than said first mentioned yieldable means.

9. In a valve mechanism, the combination of a ort, poppet type valve means mounted for axial movement to open or close said port. power means movable between valve opening and valve closing positions, said power means including an element movable coaxially with said valve and having a retracted position, a pressure responsive means, an interponent normally disposed between, and in contact with said element and said valve and pivotally connected with said pressure responsive means so that it may move with said element, said interponent being movable by said pressure responsive means in a direction transversely of the directionof motion of said element to a position out of contact with said element, and a stop for holding said interponent below the level of said element when it occupies the retracted position and when the interponent is out of contact with said element.

10. In a valve mechanism, the combination of a port, poppet type valve means mounted for axial movement to open or close said port, power means movable between valve opening and valve closing positions, said power means including an element movable coaxially with said valve,. a pressure responsive means, an interponent normally .disposed between and in contact with-said element and said valve, said interponent being movable by said pressure responsive means in a direction transversely of the direction of motion of said element to a position out of contact with said e1ement, and means for reducing the'frictional resistance to said transverse motion. 7

11. In a valve mechanism, the combination of two liquid passages connected by a port, a valve mounted for movement in two directions to positions to open or close said port, power means movable between valve opening and valve closing positions, pressure responsive means connected to opposite sides of said port and movable between active and inactive positions for connecting said power means to close said valveor to prevent closing of the valve, said'pressure responsive means being constructed andarranged to move to inactive position when the diiference in pressures on opposite sides of said port reaches a predetermined maximum, and an interponent pivotally mounted on said pressure responsive means for movement in the same directions as said valve and adapted to be moved by said pressure responsive means in a direction transversely of the valve.

HOSMIER L; BLUM. 

